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The Endless galaxy might be governed by a few powerful forces, but it is still inhabited by masses of minority races, with their own history, heroes and purpose. In Endless Space 2: Untold Tales, uncover hidden secrets, intriguing stories and endearing characters scattered across your Empire.
Everyone is familiar with McDonald's. The Golden Arches, the Big Mac, the Happy Meals... they're the stuff of fond childhood memories and guilty pleasures well into adulthood. Because, let's be honest: sometimes, you just get a craving for a Big Mac and some fries, and there's absolutely nothing that can satisfy it but the real thing.
Founded in 1940 by Richard and Maurice McDonald (otherwise known as Dick and Mac), it took an entrepreneur named Ray Kroc and a ton of drama to catapult McDonald's to the global fame they have today. According to McDonald's official history, Kroc bought out the brothers in 1961 for a cool $2.7 million — adjusted for inflation, that's about $23 million in today's money. That's a lot of money, but considering Statista says the McDonald's brand was worth over $126 billion in 2018, it's safe to say that was a good investment.
So, we know McDonald's is massive, and we know you've been there dozens of times. But... what don't you know about McDonald's? It probably doesn't surprise you that a company this big has a ton of weird stories they try to keep quiet, so this is the untold truth of McDonald's.
McDonald's once recalled a million McNuggets
While customers Stateside might not have heard about it, McDonald's Japan had some major issues in 2014 and 2015 — issues so big and so gross that Mother Jones reported they led to a 10 percent sales decline.
It started in July 2014, when McDonald's stepped in to take some serious action against one of their chicken suppliers, Shanghai Husi Food Co. Rumor had it that the factory was mixing expired product in with the fresh stuff then shipping it to McDonald's, Starbucks, and Burger King in Japan and China— and that's just gross. Just a month later, a customer in Osaka found a piece of a human tooth in their fries, and it doesn't need to be said just how big a deal that was.
Then, in early 2015, there were several reports of customers finding pieces of plastic and vinyl in their Chicken McNuggets, leading the recall of one million of the bite-sized chicken chunks. Their supplier, Cargill, investigated, and came to the conclusion that the contamination didn't happen in their factory. So where did it come from? We may never know... but it was there.
The McDonald's Big Mac isn't trademarked in Europe
Let's say you're opening a restaurant in New York, and you want to call one of your burgers the Big Mac. How well do you think that would work out for you? Now, if you were to open it in Spain? You'd be fine!
That's because McDonald's actually lost the trademark to the Big Mac in the European Union after a decision by the EU Intellectual Property Office (via Reuters), and this is how it happened.
The Guardian says that it was in the 1960s that Pat McDonagh was given the nickname 'Supermac' during a football match in Ireland's County Westmeath. Later, McDonagh went on to open a massively successful burger chain, and he called it Supermac's. When he tried to open locations outside of Ireland, McDonald's claimed 'Supermac' was too close to 'Big Mac' and would lead to brand confusion. But the EUIPO ruled in favor of Supermac's, and it was a huge deal — it didn't just mean the Irish chain could expand into other countries in the EU, it also meant that the 'Big Mac' trademark was void.
And that's huge, especially considering the number of McLawsuits McDonald's has previously filed and won. They even prevented a dentist from opening a practice called 'McDental,' and a Singapore coffee from getting the trademark 'MACCOFFEE.' Now, a different precedent has been set.
McDonald's is the world's biggest toy distributor
McDonald's isn't just about food, and if you have fond memories of opening your Happy Meal to see what toy you got, you're certainly not alone. Happy Meals made their debut in 1979 (and cost $1), and they've been a popular staple ever since. So popular, in fact, that The Motley Fool says that in 2004, they typically accounted for about 20 percent of sales, and that made McDonald's the largest toy distributor in the world. And that's incredibly valuable: win the hearts of kids, and you not only get their parents' attention, but you have customers for life.
Happy Meals are changing with the times, too. In 2014, The Atlantic reported that because McDonald's UK ran a promotion that offered codes for e-books instead of toys, it made them — temporarily, at least — the largest book distributor in the UK. See, they can use their powers for good!
Here's a fun fact: Yes, some of those McDonald's toys are worth a decent amount of money. According to Mental Floss, if you have the late 1990s-era McFurbys, any of the early Diener Keshi figures from the late 1970s and early 1980s, any of the Monsters, Inc. toys, or full sets of the Minions toys or the 101 Dalmatians, you can make a bit of extra cash.
McDonald's is not the biggest fast food chain in the US
McDonald's is huge, and they're everywhere. But here's the really surprising thing: they're historically not the largest fast food chain in the world — not by a long shot.
First, a bit of a disclaimer: it's hard to give exact numbers, because so many locations are opening and closing all the time. So let's talk about 2017.
According to CNBC, McDonald's was only the second largest chain in the world, as far as physical locations go. While they had 37,241 restaurants, they were handily beat out by Subway and their 43,912 locations. Starbucks was a surprisingly distant third, trailing with their 27,339 stores.
But that's a bit deceptive. When it comes to sales growth, Starbucks and McDonald's were miles ahead.
And now, let's talk about 2018 and stores in the U.S. only. According to Business Insider, Subway was still at the top of the pile with around 25,800 domestic locations. But Starbucks had recently passed McDonald's, opening 14,300 stores in comparison to McDonald's roughly 14,000 U.S. restaurants. Go figure!
McDonald's doesn't make their money selling food
At a glance, McDonald's makes and sells food. So, that must be how they make their money, right? Not quite, says Quartz.
They found that a large percentage of their profits comes not from Big Macs and fries, but from real estate. Part of their franchising strategies involves buying the land the restaurant will be on, then leasing the plot to the franchisee — and about 85 percent of McDonald's locations are run by franchisees. More than that, they often lease the properties at massive markups that mean even though the average McDonald's makes around $2.7 million a year, the average take-home pay for a franchise owner is just $154,000 a year. Around 22 percent of gross profits go into rent, and the numbers are staggering.
As of 2016, McDonald's held about $30 billion worth of real estate, and that netted them an annual profit of $4.5 billion. Talk about a brilliant business plan.
The cost of doing business for McDonald's is shocking
If you've ever thought running a McDonald's franchise might be for you, here's some pretty shocking, behind-the-scenes numbers that might make you think twice — starting with the fact that Business Insider reported that McDonald's requires each one of their new franchisees to have $750,000 in liquid assets available before they'll even consider you.
Startup costs can range anywhere from $958,000 and $2.2 million, and includes everything from construction to kitchen equipment and signage. Franchisees are responsible for paying 40 percent of that with non-borrowed cash — though they do allow you to borrow you the rest.
Then, franchisees pay a $45,000 franchise fee, as well as 4 percent of gross sales every month... along with rent. They're also responsible for any upgrades that need to be done to the restaurant to keep it in line with other McDonald's locations, and some of those fees are pretty shocking. A Create Your Taste kiosk will set you back $125,000, a McCafe espresso machine is a whopping $13,000, and upgrades to the interior can run up a bill as high as $600,000.
And if they decide the whole restaurant needs a remodel, you're looking at as much as $2 million. Still interested?
McDonald's based an ad campaign around a song about a murderer
If you're of a certain age, you might remember McDonald's 'Mac Tonight' campaign. It's the one with the moon wearing super-suave sunglasses, and singing about how McD's was for dinner, not just lunch. But here's the weird thing: the song they picked to parody was about a criminal and murderer.
The song was Mack the Knife, made famous by 1950s star Bobby Darin. It's catchy, sure, but it's also a song based on a German song from The Threepenny Opera. That was originally a pretty graphic, incredibly violent tale about a man named Macheath (who actually dates back to 1728, says The Concourse). While McDonald's 'Moon Man' sung lyrics like 'When the clock strikes/Half past 6, babe/Time to head for/Golden lights,' Darin had sung lyrics like 'You know when that shark bites/With his teeth, babe/Scarlet billows/Start to spread.' There are also entire verses about someone being drowned at the bottom of a river with a pair of cement shoes, and the ladies of the night lining up for Mack and, well, that's about as far from slinging burgers as you can get.
The campaign disappeared abruptly, and that's largely because Darin's only son sued McDonald's for $10 million. The internet never forgets, though, and the Moon Man went on to have a post-mainstream ad campaign life as a racist meme created by YTMND, a Something Awful/4chan spinoff group.
McDonald's isn't welcome in a lot of countries
There are a ton of McDonald's restaurants worldwide, but surprisingly, there are a number of cities and countries that don't have a single location. Take Florence: in 2016, The Telegraph was reporting on a lawsuit McDonald's had filed against the city after they refused to let the Golden Arches set up shop at the Piazza del Duomo.
What other areas can't get their McDonald's fix? When the U.S. military closed their base in Bermuda in 1995, McDonald's closed, too — and they haven't reopened, because of the Prohibited Restaurants Act 1977. Iran kicked them out in 1979, and instead, they're home to a chain called Mash Donald's. Macedonia and McDonald's had a falling out, and McDonald's chose to cut and run out of Bolivia after a sort of nationwide disdain for the chain resulted in poor sales.
Barbados — which traditionally doesn't eat much beef — was another failed experiment, with their McDonald's lasting just one year. There are plenty of rumors as to why McDonald's has never opened in Montenegro, and, of course, there are none in North Korea.
But most fascinating of all is Iceland, who said goodbye to McDonald's in 2008. According to Culture Trip, love for an Icelandic burger chain called Hamborgarabulla was so strong that the people boycotted McDonald's. Visitors can still stop and see the last McDonald's burger ever served, though, as it's sitting at the Reykjavik Bus Hostel, looking much the same as it did years ago.
McDonald's made a massive move to ban straws
If everyone did just one thing to help the environment, it would make a huge difference. In 2018, one-time-use plastics — particularly drinking straws — made headlines as people started to realize just how bad for the environment they are. According to Ocean Collectiv (via CNBC), they're one of the items most commonly found during beach cleanups, and the problem with getting rid of them is that alternatives are much more expensive.
But McDonald's has still vowed to ditch straws, starting with their restaurants in the UK and Ireland. According to The Independent, all 1,361 locations will have their plastic straws replaced by paper ones, at a much greater cost to the Golden Arches. But both government officials and customers have lauded the decision, and not a moment too soon. UN estimates suggest that unless something major is done, by 2050 the seas will contain more plastics than fish... and that's terrible. Thanks, McDonald's!
McDonald's accidentally-designed Golden Arches aren't always gold
Today, McDonald's Golden Arches are among the most recognizable logos in the world, but they came about pretty accidentally. According to BBC, the McDonald brothers met with LA-based architect Stanley Clark Meston to come up with a distinctive design for their buildings. On top of the flat-roofed building they had drawn up, Richard McDonald added two giant half-circles that were meant to catch the eye of passers-by — all potential customers. Meston turned those into the 'M' we all know and love today, and the very first ones were installed along with the very first franchised restaurant, opened in Phoenix, Arizona in 1953.
It went through a few more tweaks, and here's the weird thing: they're not all golden.
When McDonald's opened their location in Sedona, Arizona, they had to conform to local laws that served to protect the look and feel of the landscape, so their 'M' is turquoise. There are similar laws in place in other areas, which means the 'M' in Monterey, California is black, and those in Bruges and on the Champs-Elysees in Paris are white.
And here's a weird, fun fact you'll never be able to un-know: Freudian psychologists have suggested it's such a popular logo because it's reminiscent of humankind's original source of nourishment — breasts.
McDonald's had the long-running legal case in English history
McDonald's is one of the parties involved in England's longest-running legal case in history, and it's just as much of a saga as you'd expect.
In a nutshell: in 1986, London Greenpeace released a pamphlet called 'What's wrong with McDonald's — everything they don't want you to know.' There were all kind of accusations in it, from the mistreatment of animals to encouraging litter. In 1990, McDonald's filed their libel suit against five people. Three apologized, but Helen Steel, a part-time bar worker, and David Morris, an unemployed postal worker (both pictured), headed to court.
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The pair got next to no help, and when they appealed to the European Court of Human Rights for legal aid against the millions McDonald's was throwing at them, they were essentially told they were doing well enough on their own. BBC says it wasn't until 1994 that the full trial got into motion, and spawned around 60,000 pages of documents.
It wasn't over until June 19, 1997, when the judge issued his 762-page verdict and ordered Steel and Morris to pay £60,000 in damages, finding McDonald's not guilty of many of their accusations. The pair have refused to pay, McDonald's has said they have no interest in collecting, and the case went down in history.
Your McDonald's Chicken McNuggets may have died of heart failure
Not everyone loves McDonald's, especially animal rights activists. The chain's official stance says: 'We believe treating animals with care and respect is an integral part of our commitment to serving McDonald's customers safe food,' and that's admirable. But animal rights groups say they're not following through on their commitments.
In 2018, Animal Equality partnered with other organizations to demonstrate at McDonald's locations and to broadcast iAnimal, a VR experience that took people 'inside' factory farms to see the suffering of the chickens that ultimately made it onto McDonald's menu. They called out McDonald's not just for their policies (via PR Newswire), but for not being the leader in animal welfare they thought they should be.
According to the Independent, one of the core issues was unnatural breeding practices that resulted in chickens that got too big too quickly and ended up suffering all kinds of health issues and heart failure. All this came on the heels of McDonald's announcement (via Reuters) that they were going to be raising the standard of care for their chickens... by 2024. Is it good enough?
You shouldn't go through the drive-thru on horseback at McDonald's
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Ever wonder if you could go through the drive-thru and satisfy your craving for a McFlurry while you're, say, riding a horse? If you haven't wondered... have you even really lived?
There's a surprising number of people who have not only tried, but who have made headlines for it. In March 2018, BBC reported that a man in Suffolk, England had trotted up to the drive-thru and attempted to order a McCafe latte before being told the drive-thru actually wasn't for horses. (He went inside to get his coffee.) Just a few months later it happened again, in Worcestershire. The customer wanted a Big Mac, and the horse? His name was Oliver, Express reported. They weren't served by McDonald's, but they did get a snack from a nearby Cafe Nero.
South Carolina's Isaiah Rhones had better luck, when The AJC caught him on camera going through the drive-thru for some sweet tea and apple pies (and yes, his trusty steed was the recipient of an apple-flavored treat, too).
But a McDonald's in New Zealand wasn't having any of it, when they turned away two women on horseback. According to Wide Open Pets, the chain cited health and safety reasons for turning riders away.
McDonald's isn't McLovin' Ronald McDonald anymore
For decades, Ronald McDonald has been the face of McDonald's, but in recent years... not so much, and it turns out that people have been calling for his head for a long time.
According toThe Street, there was a major push back in 2011 to retire him. Why? Because, petitions said, he was being used to market unhealthy fast food items to kids, and that wasn't good. At the time,CBRsays he was sort of already on his way out: McDonald's was shifting their marketing more toward adults, and had already gotten rid of most of their other McDonaldland characters. Still, Ronald was being increasingly more often lumped in with mascots like Joe Camel, who represented a company now condemned for trying to make cigarettes appeal to the youth.
And nowhere was that more visible than their ill-fated attempt to give Ronald his own Twitter account. Forbes says that when the chain decided to have their mascot tweet with #RonaldMcDonald in 2014, it went about as well as expected. There was more hate than love, and his fate was finally sealed in 2016. He was officially retired when the world started seeing people dressed as creepy, threatening clowns everywhere, and that was when McDonald's decided enough was enough.
Today, he only makes the occasional appearance — like at the Thanksgiving Day Parade (via the New York Post), and, of course, at the Ronald McDonald House Charities.